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La UdL prova al Penedès diferents cobertes vegetals per conservar el sòl en vinyes ecològiques de la Família Torres

Pla obert de vinyes Jean Leon, de la Família Torres, situades al Penedès, el 15 de març del 2021. (Horitzontal)
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Investigadors del grup de Malherbologia i Ecologia Vegetal de la Universitat de Lleida (UdL) estudien diferents cobertes vegetals per conservar el sòl en vinyes ecològiques. L’objectiu de la recerca que s’està fent al Penedès, a les vinyes Jean Leon propietat de Família Torres, és reduir les intervencions mecàniques de passis de cultivador i d’intercep (equip per remoure el sòl sota les files dels ceps) per al control de les males herbes i reduir les emissions de CO2 i facilitar la conservació del sòl. L’estudi s’emmarca en el projecte I+D+i Coppereplace d’alternatives a l’ús del coure en viticultura liderat per la Plataforma Tecnològica del Vi i amb finançament del Programa Interreg Sudoe de la Unió Europea.

L’estudi porta per nom ‘Manteniment del sòl en vinyes ecològiques mitjançant l’establiment de cobertes vetegals i mulchings’. Els investigadors de la UdL han sembrat, en una superfície de mitja hectàrea, diferents cobertes vegetals a base de gramínies (ordi i ryegrass) en els carrers de les vinyes, i sota les files de la vinya, dos tipus d’encoixinats diferents: lleguminoses (un tipus de trèvol i lot corniculat) i escorça de pi.

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Els assajos del grup de Malherbologia i Ecologia Vegetal pretenen trobar mètodes de manteniment del sòl en vinya ecològica alternatius als passis d’intercep o de cultivador, explica l’investigador de la UdL, Jordi Recasens. “Amb l’establiment de les cobertes vegetals es persegueix que puguin exercir pressió sobre les males herbes, siguin capaces d’autosembrar-se i ajudin a mantenir l’estructura del sòl per evitar, així, la seva compactació”, assenyala.

 

“L’encoixinat d’escorça i restes de pi s’entronca, com a subproducte forestal, amb l’economia circular, la qual es basa en la sostenibilitat i el reaprofitament”, indica Recasens. Alhora pretén crear un escenari que eviti l’emergència de males herbes i ajudi a mantenir la humitat i estructura del sòl sota els ceps”, afegeix.

 

Els treballs van començar a l’inici de la campanya 2021 i es perllongaran una campanya més per poder valorar l’eficàcia de les cobertes i dels encoixinats, no només en la reducció de la proliferació de males herbes, sinó també en el manteniment de la qualitat del sòl.

 

 

 

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