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Dimarts, 17 de juny del 2025

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Els apicultors volem solucions pels danys de l’abellerol

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El sector apícola català va traslladar els greus problemes que tenen els productors a causa de l’abellerol als responsables del Departament d’Acció Climàtica en una reunió el 19 d’abril.

 

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Per als que no teniu relació amb el sector apícola, l’abellerol és un ocell migratori que s’alimenta bàsicament de la nostra abella de la mel, un insecte del qual gràcies a la seva pol·linització tenim el 76% dels productes vegetals que consumin i un 84% de les espècies vegetals del nostre entorn, segons dades de la Unió Europea. Viu a cavall entre el continent africà a l’hivern i les nostres terres, on arriba cap al 23 de abril fins aproximadament al 15 de setembre. A causa d’aquest llarg viatge arriba a casa nostra cansat i afamat, i el primer que fa és reposar energies a costa d’alimentar-se de la nostra abella de la mel. Després, tenim un període més tranquil en el què nidifica i les abelles poden sortir a recol·lectar mel, però al néixer la cria cada cop necessiten més aliment, cosa que es veu agreujada cap a final d’agost i principi de setembre, quan recull forces i energia per tornar a emigrar.

 

La població de l’abellerol està en clar ascens, segons les dades del Servidor d’Informació Ornitològica de Catalunya. En els últims anys ha augmentat un 78%. I cal recordar que és un ocell protegit a la Unió Europea, a l’Estat i a Catalunya, i que tot i els danys que provoca a l’apicultura, no podem emprendre cap mesura per aturar-lo o foragitar-lo.

 

Deixant de banda les nombroses abelles que es menja l’abellerol, el que realment és preocupant és la intimidació que els provoca. En època d’abellerol, les abelles quasi no surten de l’arna per por a ser depredades, amb la conseqüent pèrdua de població, el descens de mel i pol·len i possibles problemes per la manca d’accés d’aigua i aliment que els apicultors intentem alleugerir amb suplements alimenticis.

 

Després de moltes reunions i ajornaments, els apicultors vam engegar una reclamació patrimonial el 2015 que va desembocar en un judici per danys el 2017. El vam guanyar i  vam ser indemnitzats pels danys que provoca l’abellerol. Arran d’aquest fet vam pensar que el Departament prendria consciencia del greu problema que comporta aquest ocell per a l’apicultura catalana i la nostra abella, però va ser així sols en part. Durant els últims anys s’han dedicat esforços, recursos i temps en estudis que donen la raó al sector apícola, però no tenim cap solució al nostre greu problema. Cal puntualitzar que estem a les portes de un altre judici i de diferents reclamacions patrimonials ja presentades.

 

Esperem el desenllaç del compromís que va prendre el Departament a la reunió del 19 d’abril per solucionar aquest greu problema i no eludir unes responsabilitats que l’hi corresponen, i perquè no ens calgui engegar noves reclamacions patrimonials i judicis any rere any. El futur de l’apicultura i, amb ell, de tots els beneficis per a l’alimentació i el medi ambient, depèn de que tothom s’hi impliqui.

 

Josep Maria Claria

Responsable del sector d’Apicultura d’Unió de Pagesos

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