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L’únic pastor del Priorat que es dedica a la transhumància intenta recuperar els camins rurals

Pla general d’en Daniel Giralto, pastor transhumant, i dels participants en el taller d’elaboració de mató amb llet de cabres transhumants, en la jornada dedicada a la transhumància a Ulldemolins. Imatge del 30 d’octubre del 2021 (Horitzontal).
Pla general d’en Daniel Giralto, pastor transhumant, i dels participants en el taller d’elaboració de mató amb llet de cabres transhumants, en la jornada dedicada a la transhumància a Ulldemolins. Imatge del 30 d’octubre del 2021 (Horitzontal).
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Ulldemolins (Priorat) celebra aquest cap de setmana la jornada Transhumància 2021 per reivindicar l’activitat ramadera i la feina dels pastors. Aquest dissabte el ramat d’en Daniel Giralto ha traspassat el municipi per continuar el seu recorregut per l’antic camí ramader després de fer-hi nit. “El més complicat de dedicar-se a la transhumància és la part administrativa perquè no és compatible; sempre hem de donar comptes al món urbà, però quan ens quedem sols al rural és fantàstic”, ha afirmat Giralto. Els pastors demanen que es recuperin els camins rurals i denuncien que aquestes vies s’han “invisibilitzat” quan són importants eixos de comunicació, de biodiversitat i espais per desenvolupar l’activitat econòmica a les zones rurals.

 

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En Daniel té actualment un centenar de cabres lleteres i es dedica a la ramaderia des de fa onze anys. Després de passar-se l’estiu pasturant a Margalef, ara, recorre l’antic camí ramader entre Lleida i Reus. Amb el seu bestiar han dormit la nit passada en un coral proper a l’ermita de Sant Antoni, situada al terme municipal d’Ulldemolins. Així, aquest dissabte han pogut participar en la primera jornada dedicada a la transhumància feta a la població.

 

Després d’explicar com s’elabora mató amb llet de cabra, el pastor ha dirigit el ramat, passant pels carrers del municipi, per deixar-lo en un altre corral abans de reprendre el camí cap a Alforja. Durant la ruta, veïns d’Ulldemolins han acompanyat els animals i han experimentat la feina del ramader. Aquest diumenge, el bestiar enfilarà cap al municipi d’Albarca, Cornudella de Montsant, per acabar el trajecte al coll d’Alforja, en una travessa d’uns 23 quilòmetres.

 

En Giralto és l’únic pastor del Priorat que es dedica a la transhumància i amb la seva feina intenta recuperar els camins rurals de la zona. Segons explica, és molt complicat fer de pastor en l’actualitat perquè topa amb molts entrebancs burocràtics que són, diu, “incompatibles” amb les tasques ramaderes. Amb tot, opina que és meravellós treballar-hi: “Aquest ofici et permet gaudir de les estacions, fer moviments estacionals, tens la sensació de ser lliure i veure com es desenvolupa i viu el bestiar”.

 

La serra del Montsant ha estat “històricament” una zona de pastura tant a l’hivern com a l’estiu, que comptava amb diverses rutes ramaderes, les quals moltes s’han perdut. A tall d’exemple, a Ulldemolins hi havia una vintena de pastors quan ara només n’hi queda un que es dedica a la ramaderia convencional i intensiva. “Habitualment el Montsant no s’identifica com a zona de pastura d’estiu, sinó que normalment ho fem amb el Pirineu, en canvi, els mapes de fa molts anys identificaven aquesta serra com la zona de pastura del sud de Catalunya, per això és molt important que es recuperi l’activitat ramadera”, ha explicat l’Aleix Cardona, coordinador de la jornada i veí d’Ulldemolins.

 

De fet, Cardona ha afegit que la feina dels pastors ajuda a estabilitzar i mantenir els camins rurals que diu “són un patrimoni públic que no prescriu en les seves funcions i que massa sovint s’han invisibilitzat”. Comparteix parer en Joan Rovira, estudiós de camins rurals, que considera que els antics camins ramaders gosen de mala salut. “La salut dels camins ramaders no és gaire saludable, no és per anar a l’UCI, però poc li falta, entre carreteres, vies de tren, espoliacions de particulars, s’han tallat i perdut la seva continuïtat”, ha assenyalat.

 

Transhumància per evitar incendis

 

Els organitzadors de la jornada també han lamentat que els governs no apostin més per la ramaderia com a contrapunt per evitar incendis forestals. “La transhumància treu massa vegetativa que si no es controla a la llarga es converteix en herba seca a l’estiu, fet que és molt perillós pels incendis; a vegades les administracions tenen prou consciència, però no apliquem les mesures perquè hi hagin més ramats”, ha subratllat Rovira.

 

En Giralto també comparteix que no es valora prou per part de les administracions i la ciutadania la feina dels ramaders. “Tothom té la gestió forestal a la boca, però a l’hora de la veritat costa que es valori la tasca del pastor ja que és mira més el fet que embrutem els carrers amb caques o la pudor a les naus, i no es té en compte que netegem el sotabosc i deixem net el món rural”, ha tancat.

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